PASSIVE VOICE (kalimat pasif)
Pengertian
Passive
Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya dikenai suatu pekerjaan
atau menderita suatu. Dengan kata lain subject kalimat tersebut menjadi sasaran
kegiatan yang dinyatakan oleh kata kerja. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri
kalimat pasif adalah kata kerjanya yang berawalan dengan “di-“ dan beberapa
lagi memiliki awalan “ter-“ (tergantung pada konteks kalimat).
Active
Voice (Kalimat Aktif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya berbuat sesuatau atau
melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat aktif
adalah kata kerjanya selalu berawalan “me-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan
“ber-“.
Bentuk
dari Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah : TO BE / BE + VERB 3
a. Passive Voice digunakan jika kita hanya
ingin fokus pada kejadian bukan pada siapa yang melakukannya.
Example:
·
Active
: the man is kicking the ball now.
·
Passive
: the ball is being kicked now
b. Passive Voice digunakan untuk menghindari
suatu subjek yang semu (someone, somebody).
Example
:
·
Active
: someone hit the mirror last night.
·
Passive
: the mirror was hit last night.
Note
:
Dalam
bahasa inggris terdapat beberapa kata kerja yang bisa memiliki 2 object,
seperti: teach, pay, give, ask, tell, show, over.
Pola – Pola Passive Voice
1.
Simple Present Tense
Rumus:
·
Active : S + To Be (is, am, are)
·
Passive : S + To Be (is,am,are) + V3
Example:
·
Active : Budi writtes a letter
·
Passive : a letter is written by budy
2. Simple Past
Rumus
:
·
Active : S + To Be (was,were) + v2
·
Passive : S + To Be (was, were) + V3\
Example:
·
Actived
: i eat fried rice yesterday
·
Passived
: fried rice was eaten by me yesterday
3. Present Perfect
Rumus
:
·
Active : S + To Be (has, have) + V3
·
Passive :
S + To Be + been + V3
Example
:
·
Active : we have been helping the poor people
·
Passive : the poor people have been being helped
by us
4. Past Perfect
Rumus
:
·
Active : S + To Be (had) + V3
·
Passive : S + To Be + been +V3
Example
:
·
Active : we had watched titanic movie
·
Passive : Titanic movie had been watched by us
5. Present Progresive
Rumus
:
·
Active : S + To Be (is, am, are) + v-ing
·
Passive : S + To Be + being +v3
Example:
·
Active
: Jane is helping Tina.
·
Passive : Tina is being helped by Jane
6. Past Progresive
Rumus
:
·
Active : S + To Be (was, were) + v-ing
·
Passive : S + To Be + being Not + V3
Example:
·
Active : Noni
was helping ketrin
·
Passive : Noni was being helped by Ketrin
CAUSATIVE VERBS (kata kerja
kausative)
Causative
Verb ( Kata Kerja Kausatif ) adalah kata kerja utama atau pokok yang digunakan
untuk menyatakan bahwa seseorang menyuruh atau menyebabkan orang lain melakukan
sesuatu.
Beberapa
caustive verb :
|
Have/has
|
Had
|
|
Ask
|
Asked
|
|
Get
|
Got
|
1.
Active Causative
a. Causative “Have”
Rumus:
Subject + have/has + someone + kata kerja Bentuk I
Contoh:
- I have him clean my shoes (saya
menyuruhnya membersihkan sepatuku)
- Mary has George climbs the tree
- You must haveSusie study hard
b. Causative “Get”
Rumus:
Subject + Get + someone + to infinitive
Contoh:
- He gets John to brush the shoes
- They get me to wash the clothes
- She will get Anne to accompany her to
the party tomorrow
2.
Passive Causative
Rumus:
Subject + have/get + object + kata kerja Bentuk III
Contoh:
- The government got the bridge built
quickly
- We must have the floor cleaned as soon
as possible
Tambahan:
c. Causative “Make“
Penggunaannya sama dengan
causative di atas, namun perintahnya lebih keras (sedikit memaksa)
Rumus:
Subject + Make + someone + Kata kerja bentuk I
Contoh:
- The teacher always makes the students
stay in their own seats
- Bob made his son be quiet in the
library
d. Causative “Want“
Rumus:
Subject + Want + object + Kata Kerja Bentuk III
Contoh:
- I
want this chairs painted (saya
mau kursi-kursi ini dicat)
- He wants the cars repaired
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